Ottenere java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.ServletContext in JUnit

Question

Utilizzo Sping MVC nella mia applicazione e scrittura di casi di test JUnit per un DAO. Quando eseguo il test, ricevo l'errore: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.ServletContext.

Nello stacktrace, vedo che questo errore è stato causato durante getApplicationContext. Nel mio applicationContext, non ho definito alcun servlet. La mappatura servlet è fatta solo in web.xml quindi non capisco perché sto ricevendo questo errore.

Ecco il mio applicationContext.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans 
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" 
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd" 

xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"> 

<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close"> 
    <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> 
    <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testdb"/> 
    <property name="user" value="username"/> 
</bean> 

<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean"> 
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> 
    <property name="hibernateProperties"> 
     <props> 
      <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop> 
      <prop key="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</prop> 
      <prop key="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myWorld_test</prop> 
      <prop key="hibernate.connection.username">username</prop> 
     </props> 
    </property> 
    <property name="packagesToScan"> 
     <list> 
      <value>com.myprojects.pojos</value> 
     </list> 
    </property> 
</bean> 

<bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate"> 
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/> 
</bean> 

<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> 

<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> 
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
</bean> 

<context:component-scan base-package="com.myprojects"/> 

<context:annotation-config/> 
<mvc:annotation-driven/> 
</beans> 

Ecco la stacktrace: class

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/ServletContext 
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method) 
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2521) 
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods(Class.java:1845) 
at org.springframework.core.type.StandardAnnotationMetadata.hasAnnotatedMethods(StandardAnnotationMetadata.java:161) 
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassUtils.isLiteConfigurationCandidate(ConfigurationClassUtils.java:106) 
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(ConfigurationClassUtils.java:88) 
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.processConfigBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:253) 
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:223) 
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:630) 
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:461) 
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:120) 
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:60) 
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:100) 
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:248) 
at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:64) 
at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:91) 
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:122) 
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:109) 
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75) 
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:312) 
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:211) 
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:288) 
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) 
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:284) 
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231) 
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:88) 
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238) 
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63) 
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236) 
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53) 
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229) 
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26) 
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) 
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27) 
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71) 
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309) 
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174) 
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassExecuter.runTestClass(JUnitTestClassExecuter.java:80) 
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassExecuter.execute(JUnitTestClassExecuter.java:47) 
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassProcessor.processTestClass(JUnitTestClassProcessor.java:69) 
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassProcessor.processTestClass(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:49) 
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) 
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) 
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) 
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) 
at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:35) 
at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24) 
at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ContextClassLoaderDispatch.dispatch(ContextClassLoaderDispatch.java:32) 
at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ProxyDispatchAdapter$DispatchingInvocationHandler.invoke(ProxyDispatchAdapter.java:93) 
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy2.processTestClass(Unknown Source) 
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.processTestClass(TestWorker.java:103) 
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) 
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) 
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) 
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) 
at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:35) 
at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24) 
at org.gradle.messaging.remote.internal.hub.MessageHub$Handler.run(MessageHub.java:355) 
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.DefaultExecutorFactory$StoppableExecutorImpl$1.run(DefaultExecutorFactory.java:66) 
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145) 
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615) 
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:724) 
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.ServletContext 
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:366) 
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355) 
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) 
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354) 
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424) 
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308) 
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357) 
... 62 more 

prova:

import org.junit.After; 
import org.junit.AfterClass; 
import org.junit.Before; 
import org.junit.BeforeClass; 
import org.junit.Test; 
import static org.junit.Assert.*; 
import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; 
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; 

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"}) 
public class UserServiceTest { 

@Autowired 
private UserService service; 

public UserServiceTest() { 
} 

@BeforeClass 
public static void setUpClass() { 
} 

@AfterClass 
public static void tearDownClass() { 
} 

@Before 
public void setUp() { 
} 

@After 
public void tearDown() { 
} 
} 

Anche prima di scrivere qualsiasi metodo di prova, ho ottenuto questo errore.

Answer 1

Hai un singolo file xml per il tuo ApplicationContext in questo file c'è un tag <mvc:annotation-driven />. Questo tag carica diverse risorse correlate al Web (visualizza resolver, mappature del gestore, ecc.) E come tale richiede che l'API servlet sia disponibile.

Si dovrebbe già avere l'API servlet sul classpath come dipendenza fornita da Maven.

<dependency> 
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> 
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> 
    <version>3.0.1</version> 
    <scope>provided</scope> 
</dependency> 

Accanto a che si potrebbe desiderare di rimuovere il tag <mvc:annotation-driven /> e metterlo in un file di configurazione separato. Questo è anche un tag che dovrebbe (in generale) essere caricato dal DispatcherServlet. (Presumo che applicationContext.xml sia, come predefinito, caricato da ContextLoaderListener).

Answer 2

Maven Impossibile caricare javax.servlet-api in 3.0.1 Versione:/

Questa dipendenza Ha risolto il problema:

<dependency> 
     <groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId> 
     <artifactId>geronimo-servlet_3.0_spec</artifactId> 
     <version>1.0</version> 
     <scope>test</scope> 
    </dependency> 

Contiene tutte le classi di javax.servlet.

Answer 3

Per me, ho aggiunto @WebAppConfiguration e risolto il problema.

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {TestConfig.class}) 
@WebAppConfiguration 
public class WebAppTest { 


    @Test 
    public void test() throws Exception { 

    } 

}